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Le sujet est le suivant : "Why is India said to be a country of contradictions ?"Je dois faire une fiche pour mon oral d'anglais pour le bac. Nous avons étudié des textes sur la modernité, les classes riches et moyennes mais en parallèle les traditions de la dot existante encore de nos jours, les Dalits ou "Intouchables"
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SEATS AND FORMS OF POWER
The notion I’m going to deal with is seats and form of power in India. The subject of my oral presentation will be India a country of contradictions.
First, I would like to briefly (brièvement) introduce India and its people. Secondly, I will show that india is a country many contradictions and paradoxes yet nowadays: poverty and wealth and the dowry-tradition for girls still exists.
Finally, I also mention the existence of the Dalits in India which is a real problem.
India is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world.
India is the land of paradox and contradictions: ostentatious wealth and extreme poverty, deep-rooted (profondèment enracinée) tradition and modernity. India is like no other place. It is one of the fastest growing economies in the world and is developing rapidly. For example, industry of high technology in recent years has taken off in India. The good example of industry of high technology is
Infosys Technologies, formerly, is an Indian multinational provider of business consulting, technology, engineering, and outsourcing services situated headquarters in Bangalore –
India has a computer industry performance.
We can also say that India has one of the largest armies in the world and that it has nuclear weapons.
I can not speak of India and not to mention their own film industry.
In fact, Bollywood is the name given to the Indian film industry which is modeled on the Hollywood. Bollywood films, distributed throughout India, export around the world.
However, cespite the importance of large industrial groups and the development of high technology, India is a country very unequal where much of the population lives in poverty high.
On the one hand (d’un côté) on one side, we have India with a large number of millionaires and a middle class that is growing and open to the world, on the other hand (de l’autre côté) the majority of the population remains poor . We are in the 21st century, India is "emerging power" and yet it is a country of traditions.
In India, dowry is a tradition that still exists. Indeed, the family of the girl must give a dowry to the future husband's family for marriage. The dowry tradition explains also why the parents do not want to have daughters. Shilipi Somaya is the author of the new "secret daughter" where it tells the story of a poor Indian family, Kavita and Jasu for whom the birth of a daughter is a disaster. The extract dealt with the issue of childbirth (accouchement) and the fear (crainte) of having a daughter. When Kavita gives birth to her baby, her husband announced: “you know we can’t keep this baby, we are not rich”. “we need a boy to help in the fields." . This baby will be a drain for the family.
In addition to reducing (réduire) women to an object, this tradition is also responsible for thousands of deaths each year. In fact, according to statistics, in two thousand and eleven it was estimated that there were nine hundred forty (940) girls aged six and under for every thousand boys. Six hundred thousand girls go missing every year. If the bride's family (la famille de la mariée ) can not give dowry, the husband's family begins to violate the woman who ends up committing suicide or being murdered.
Finally, let's take the case (prenons le cas) of Dalits or “Untouchables” . They are one hundred and seventy million (170) in India today, survive on less than two dollars a day. The untouchables are stigmatized from birth and are outcasts.(sont des parias). . "Untouchable" means by definition that you cannot touch, that is to say one who is so unworthy and so unclean that may contaminate others by sight or physical contact.( .« Intouchable » désigne, par définition, celui qu’on ne peut pas toucher, c’est-à-dire celui qui est si indigne et si impur qu’il risque de souiller autrui par la vue ou par le contact physique) .The Dalits suffer discriménation. The caste system is the hidden (face cachée) apartheid in India. There is only one solution is that attitudes are changing.
In conclusion, I can say that India is a country of contradictions as I show through various examples. : It is a country that is both modern and developed with rich social classes, a huge middle class but also two hundred million poor.
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is possible about this subcontinent of over a billion people. The world’s second most populous nation-state is very rich and very poor; it is extremely educated and extremely ignorant.
India is like no other place. It is one of the fastest growing economies in the world and is developing rapidly. Yet at the same time the gap between the haves and have nots continues to grow. Even if certain sections of the population have made considerable progress in recent years, economic development has, by and large, been uneven. There are more hungry children in India than in sub-Saharan Africa. Nearly half of the world’s malnourished children live in India. And 7 percent of children do not live to celebrate their 5th birthday. At least one out of four Indians is steeped in poverty. That’s one-fourth of one billion people, more than the population of the United States. Nearly half are denied basic education and healthcare. Nearly two-thirds of India’s girl children do not receive any education worth the name. Nearly one-third of the country’s citizens still suffer social discrimination on account of the caste system. India fares particularly poorly as far as its track record on education is concerned.
In Delhi, most people who can afford to drive drive what are called tuk-tuks. These funny-looking three-wheelers run on natural gas and are small enough to zip in and out of traffic — which in India is a must. Stoplights, double yellow lines and lane markers mean NOTHING in India. It’s every man for himself.
You don’t have to go far in Delhi (or anywhere in India) to see a scene like this: modern high-rises surrounded by cows, dogs, chickens and monkeys. Indians believe you can tell a lot about a country based on how the people treat their animals. In India, the animals are treated very well. They can go just about anywhere. Despite the fact that thousands of tourists come to Agra every year to see the Taj Mahal, the rest of the town is depressing and backward. And I doubt it will ever change. The Indian government banned industrial business of any sort from setting up shop in Agra to protect the Taj from pollution. The result: no jobs, a lot of poverty and scenes like this. There is no doubt India will continue to grow. Right now, the Indian market is very much overvalued. The average stock on the Sensex trades for over 18 times earnings and 4 times book value.
As the government starts to invest more and more money in infrastructure (which it MUST), the construction sector will pick up. The numbers from India are overwhelming: 100 million women and girls are involved in trafficking, 44.5% of Indian girls are married before they are 18, and 50 million women have gone “missing” as a result of female infanticide. These statistics prove that much of India, regardless of caste, views women as second-class citizens, less valuable than their brothers, fathers, and husbands. Much of this belief comes from various cultural practices. For example, because a daughter moves to live with her husband’s family after they marry and therefore does not have the responsibility of caring for her parents, many Indian families do not view their daughters as their own: she’s an investment with no return. As a result, some families are willing to abort a girl child, refuse to invest in her education or healthcare, or even to sell her into slavery for a small fee. Despite the horrors many Indian families inflict on their daughters, Indians do not seem afraid to elect women.
Nevertheless, these individuals, specifically the girls, are gaining access to resources, knowledge, and opportunities that were unheard of for their mothers.
There are up to 300 million Indians living in the middle class.
India is a country with a humanistic philosophic tradition and an iniquitous social structure and cultural practices. It is a land of mind-boggling contradictions. Traditionally, the Indian social structure based on caste was characterised by "institutionalised inequality". The castes represented discrete social groups organised hierarchically according to ritual purity. Caste pervaded social life, governed social relationships, and determined an individual’s social space, opportunities and life styles. Modernisation, which began with the Indian Constitution in 1950, introduced a state structure and governance system, which so far have not fulfilled their promise. They have, however, transfigured the roots of inequities, eroding some and radically ironing out a few.