notion anglais idées de progrés

Sujet du devoir

Notions anglais/ 1- Idea of progress

 Intro: So i'm going to present you the notion of idea of progress. First of all, i'm going to give a definition. Basically consist in believing that the world can become better un terms of art, sciences, technology and liberty ;

 Problématique: The new technologies are a progress ?

A- Yes, the new technologies are a progress because they are lot of advantages with this:

 -New technologies are a major advance in several areas. Indeed, they have made progress in social, economic and environemental terms. First, on a social level, technological advances have made it possible to have contacts all over the world. For example, social networks (Facebook, Twitter, etc.) allow to exchange wherever you are. In addition, they make it possible to establish new encounters and to widen the scope of contact more easily.

We can also talk about improvements in working conditions through technological advances. Indeed, from the middle of the 20th century on, working conditions have developed considerably. For example, during the period of Fordism, the workers suffered from physical and mental disorders and the arrival of new technologies made it possible to reduce these disorders.

 -Secondly, at the economic level, technological progress played an important role in the development of the latter. Indeed, we can evoke the computerization of everything that is financial, such as banks. In addition, computerization has also contributed to the development of Internet transactions through websites designed for this purpose (eg Amazon).

 -Finnaly, Finally, technological advances have had a major impact on the environment. Indeed, they have allowed the emergence of new sources of energies that have no negative impact on the environment and the human being. As a result, we have created renewable energies (eg wind turbines, solar panels, etc.) and new means of own locomotion (eg electric cars, electric buses). In the course of economics and social studies, we have studied a chapter dealing with the effect of technological progress on the environment, we have been able to speak of weak sustainability (a thesis according to which natural capital can be replaced by another capital Benefiting from technical progress) and strong sustainability (irreplaceable natural capital).

 However, the new technologies can have a perverse effect.

However new technologies can have a perverse effect. Indeed, they reinforce individualism, restrict human relations, erase the very essence of the human being which is to be with the other.

 B- But, the new technologies can be dangerous for the Human and the society:

-First of all, one of our courses has been debated about the positive or negative aspects of new technologies. First, on a social level, social networks can lead to confinement. Individuals are disconnected from reality, they are in a virtual world with virtual relationships. Moreover, social networks generate a loss of the relationship with the other, and creates an illusion of being with the other. Take the example of my mother who told me "the parents think that we have not experienced the boredom that can be useful to make us dream, to reveal capacities, to wonder about what we can do and that Smartphones prevent this reasoning because they are soliciting us all the time.

 -Secondly, at the economic level, there is a permanent risk of the economic system collapsing since it is based on a fully computerized system. Indeed, the potential risks are piracy which will entail major risks for capital, a general electricity failure which could lead to a total collapse of the company.

-Finally, new technologies are running to the destruction of the Earth. Indeed, the latter, controlled by man, lead to the overexploitation of terrestrial resources. Man has no limits and always wants more than what he possesses, it is the opposite of the notion of sustainable development. We destroy the Earth without thinking about future generations (eg deforestation, air pollution, destruction of biodiversity).

Conclusion: Progress is part of the human, of the development, of the human species, but they are only useful if man is concerned with their real utilities.